Abstract: Objective　To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of childhood renovascular hypertension. Methods　The clinical data of pediatric patients under 14 years old with renovascular hypertension (RVH) from February 2004 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　Twenty-three pediatric patients (15 boys and 8 girls) with RVH were enrolled. The average age of the patients were 8.5±2.1 years (0.6-14 years). The range of systolic blood pressure was 98.5-159.5 mmHg and the range of diastolic blood pressure was 159.4-217.3 mmHg. The main causes of RVH were renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia and Takayasu arteritis. The first presentation was headache, vomiting and convulsions. The levels of renin, angiotensin and aldosterone in the standing and supine positions were increased in most of the patients. All of the patients were treated with β-blockers, calcium antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). Twenty patients were treated with more than two types of drugs. In 18 patients treated by interventional therapy, 17 maintained normal blood pressure and one had postoperative restenosis. Five patients took ACEI and maintained normal blood pressure. Conclusion　Childhood renovascular hypertension is easy to be misdiagnosed or miss-diagnosed, but the prognosis is good by interventional treatment after diagnosis.